ASEAN Acts as a Middle Power

ASEAN acts as a middle power in the Indo-Pacific region by pursuing a vision of strategic autonomy and a balanced approach to the major powers, especially the US and China. ASEAN se
eks to maintain its centrality and relevance in the regional architecture, and to promote a rules-based order that respects the sovereignty and interests of all states.

ASEAN also engages in various forms of multilateral cooperation and dialogue, such as the ASEAN Regional Forum, the East Asia Summit, and the ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting Plus, to address common security and economic challenges.

ASEAN also advocates for a comprehensive and inclusive concept of the Indo-Pacific, which emphasizes connectivity, sustainability, and respect for international law123.

ASEAN’s role as a middle power is not without challenges, however, as it faces internal divisions, capacity constraints, and external pressures from the rising tensions between the US and China. ASEAN will need to balance its economic dependence on China with its security reliance on the US, and to find ways to enhance its cohesion and resilience in the face of uncertainty and volatility in the Indo-Pacific.

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Diplomacy

Diplomacy is a crucial instrument of foreign policy that encompasses everything leaders do to advocate for their national interests around the world. It involves leveraging a vast array of foreign policy tools, including sanctions, foreign assistance, trade, and armed force. Diplomacy is the chief instrument of foreign policy, which is set by political leaders. It establishes goals, prescribes strategies, and sets the broad tactics to be used in their accomplishment. For example, during the Cold War, the United States and China used diplomacy to improve their relations. Secret talks and ping-pong diplomacy were some of the initiatives that helped normalize relations between the two countries. Please note that diplomacy is often confused with foreign policy, but they are not synonymous. Diplomacy is the main instrument of foreign policy that represents the broader goals and strategies guiding a state’s interactions with the rest of the world.

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Geopolitical

Relating to politics, especially international relations, as influenced by geographical factors.

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